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1.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 36: 14, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1507177

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background While there are reviews of the literature on mental health stigma reduction programs, very few have focused on the workplace. Objective: We sought to identify, describe and compare the main characteristics of the interventions to reduce the stigma towards mental health at work. Method The search of original articles (2007 to 2022) was carried out in the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases, selecting 25 articles from the key terms: 1. Stigma, 2. Workplace, 3. Anti-stigma intervention/program, 4. Mental health. Results: These interventions can be effective in changing the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of workers towards people with mental health problems, although further verification of these results is needed as they are limited to date. Discussion and conclusion Interventions to reduce stigma in the workplace could create more supportive work environments by reducing negative attitudes and discrimination and improving awareness of mental disorders.


Subject(s)
Mental Health , Workplace/psychology , Social Stigma , Psychosocial Intervention/methods
2.
Rev. cienc. salud (Bogotá) ; 19(1): 1-27, ene.-abr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1289164

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: The main goal of the present review was to systematically compile data on interventions to reduce stigma in Ibero-America. Aim: To describe the characteristics and determine the main results of interventions required for reducing stigma toward people with severe mental disorders that have developed in the Latin America during 2007-2017. Materials and methods: A systematic review of articles from electronic databases such as Medline, EBscohost, Embase, LILACS, and SciELO, as well as gray literature from Google Scholar, published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese covering the period during January 2007 and December 2017 was performed. In order to evaluate the quality of the quantitative studies, the Robins criteria were used for quasi-experimental and experimental studies, and the cASpe criteria were used for qualitative studies. Results: A total of 18 studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected; 75% of the studies were quantitative in nature, of which, one-quarter did not meet the quality criteria. Conclusions: Currently, there are only a few interventions established to reduce stigma in Ibero-America and they are mainly short-term. Our evaluation of the available literature facilitates the identification of the aspects that should be included in future research in order to reduce the possible biases that could arise when developing these types of studies.


Resumen Introducción: el objetivo principal de la presente revisión fue compilar sistemáticamente datos sobre intervenciones para reducir el estigma en Iberoamérica. Objetivo: describir las características y determinar los principales resultados de las intervenciones para reducir el estigma hacia las personas con trastornos mentales graves que se han desarrollado en América Latina entre 2007 y 2017. Materiales y métodos: revisión sistemática de artículos de bases de datos electrónicas, como Medline, EBscohost, Embase, LILACS y SciELO, y literatura gris obtenida de Google Scholar, publicada en inglés, español y portugués que abarca el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2007 y diciembre de 2017. Para evaluar la calidad de los estudios cuantitativos, se utilizaron los criterios de Robins para los estudios cuasiexperimentales y experimentales, y los criterios caspe para los estudios cualitativos. Resultados: se seleccionaron 18 estudios que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión; el 75 % fueron cuantitativos, y de estos, una cuarta parte no cumplió con los criterios de calidad. Conclusiones: actualmente, existen pocas intervenciones para reducir el estigma en Iberoamérica y son principalmente a corto plazo. Nuestra evaluación de la literatura disponible ayuda a identificar aspectos que deberían incluirse en investigaciones futuras para reducir los posibles sesgos que podrían surgir al desarrollar este tipo de estudios.


Resumo Introdução: o objetivo principal desta revisão foi compilar sistematicamente dados sobre intervenções para reduzir o estigma na América Latina. Objetivo: descrever as características e determinar os principais resultados das intervenções para redução do estigma em relação a pessoas com transtornos mentais graves que se desenvolveram na América Latina no período de 2007-2017. Materiais e métodos: realizou-se uma revisão sistemática de artigos de bases de dados eletrônicas como Medline, EBscohost, Embase, LILACS e SciELO, e literatura cinza obtida no Google Scholar, publicada em inglês, espanhol e português cobrindo o período de janeiro de 2007 e dezembro de 2017. Para avaliar a qualidade dos estudos quantitativos, foram utilizados os critérios de Robins para estudos quase experimentais e experimentais e os critérios cAspe para estudos qualitativos. Resultados: foram selecionados um total de 18 estudos que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão; o 75% eram quantitativos e destes, um quarto não atendia aos critérios de qualidade. Conclusões: atualmente, existem poucas intervenções para reduzir o estigma na América Latina e são principalmente de curto prazo. Nossa avaliação da literatura disponível ajuda a identificar aspectos que devem ser incluídos em pesquisas futuras para reduzir os possíveis vieses que podem surgir no desenvolvimento deste tipo de estudos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions , Social Stigma , Systematic Review , Mental Disorders
3.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 56(2): 89-99, jun. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959461

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: El objetivo del estudio fue determinar las características sociodemográficas, el uso de redes, la autopercepción de salud, las necesidades y los recursos de las personas en situación de calle con problemas de salud mental y/o consumo problemático de alcohol y/o drogas, en la región del Bío Bío (Chile). Método: Entre los meses de diciembre de 2014 y marzo de 2015, se obtuvo información de una muestra por conveniencia de 65 habitantes de calle con antecedentes de problemas mentales, vinculados a programas de la Secretaría Regional Ministerial (SEREMI) de Desarrollo Social. Se emplearon instrumentos de caracterización sociodemográfica, la Escala Maristán de Necesidades y el inventario de recursos para personas en situación de calle. Resultados: La muestra está constituida principalmente por hombres, con edad promedio de 41 años. Se caracteriza por tener bajo nivel escolar y condiciones de inestabilidad laboral, así como una moderada percepción de salud física y mental. Las personas tienen más necesidades sanitarias, de trabajo y uso del tiempo libre, y existenciales, que de la vida cotidiana. El Estado y la familia son las principales fuentes de apoyo para esta población. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos de la presente investigación, permiten realizar una primera aproximación al perfil sociodemográfico, de percepción de salud y de necesidades de las persona en situación de calle con problemas mentales y/o abuso problemático de alcohol y/o drogas. A partir de los resultados es posible determinar una línea de base para proponer futuros programas de atención en la región.


Introduction: The objective of the study was to determine the socio-demographic characteristics, the use of nets, the self-perception of health, needs and resources of persons in streets with problems of mental health or problematic consumption of alcohol and/or drugs, in the Bio Bio region (Chile). Method: Between the months of December 2014 and March 2015, information was obtained from a sample of convenience of 65 homeless persons with a history of mental problems, linked to programs of the Secretaría Regional Ministerial (SEREMI) of social development. Socio-demographic characterization instruments were used, the Maristán Scale of Needs and Inventory of Resources for Homeless People. Results: The General characteristics of the sample include being male, with an average age of 41 years. The sample is characterized by low scholastic level and conditions of job instability, as well as a regular perception of physical and mental health. People have more needs health, work, use of the free time, and existentials, that of everyday life. The State and the family are the main sources of support for this population. Conclusions: The findings of this research, allow a first approach to the socio-demographic profile, perception of health and needs of the homeless persons with mental health problems and/or problematic abuse of alcohol and/or drugs. From the results it is possible to determine a baseline for future programmes in the region. Rev Chil Neuro-Psiquiat 2018; 56 (2): 89-99


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Ill-Housed Persons , Mental Health , Substance-Related Disorders , Alcoholism , Health Services Needs and Demand , Persons , Chile , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
Rev. colomb. psiquiatr ; 47(2): 72-81, abr.-jun. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-960173

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: El estigma público es la adscripción de estereotipos negativos a las personas con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Se han utilizado distintos instrumentos para evaluarlo, entre los que destacan las escalas de conocimiento. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar el estigma público a través de una medida de conocimiento y relacionar el nivel de información con variables con demostrada influencia en el estigma que presenta la población. Métodos: La muestra fue de 399 personas; el criterio de inclusión fue tener entre 18 y 65 arios. Se aplicó el Cuestionario de conocimiento sobre la esquizofrenia y un instrumento para recolectar información sociodemográfica. Los participantes fueron reclutados en lugares de gran afluencia de público. Se realizaron análisis de correspondencias múltiples no paramétricos bivariables y de conglomerados jerárquicos. Resultados: El cuestionario presenta dos dimensiones: «Creencias sobre el conocimiento de la esquizofrenia¼ y «Actitudes hacia la esquizofrenia¼; existen diferencias significativas entre estas y el contacto con personas con un trastorno mental grave. En el análisis por conglomerados, se encontraron 3 grupos diferenciados en función de la combinación de las 2 dimensiones del instrumento. Conclusiones: Destaca que ninguna de las 2 dimensiones mide conocimiento veraz, y el cuestionario tiene una dimensión actitudinal. Más que el contacto en sí, es el tipo de interacción una variable relevante en el nivel de estigma, lo que cuestiona la hipótesis tradicional del contacto. Se requiere investigar mejor las características del instrumento y los aspectos del contacto que se asocian a un menor nivel de estigma en la población.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Social stigma is the assigning of negative stereotypes to people with schizophrenia. Different measurement tools have been used to evaluate this, including knowledge scales. The aim of this study was to evaluate the public stigma by measuring this knowledge and relate the degree of information with variables that have shown to influence on stigma presented by the affected population. Methods: The sample was composed of 399 people and the inclusion criterion was being between 18 and 65 years of age. The "Questionnaire of knowledge on schizophrenia" was applied, as well as a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic information. Participants were recruited in places with large crowds. The following analyses were performed: multiple correlations, non-parametric bivariate and hierarchical clusters. Results: The questionnaire had two dimensions: "Beliefs on the knowledge of schizophrenia" and "Attitudes towards schizophrenia". There are significant differences between them, and the contact with people with SMI. In the analysis of clusters, there was difference in the two groups according to the combination of the two dimensions of the tools. Conclusions: It is highlighted that none of the dimensions measures true knowledge, and the questionnaire has an attitudinal dimension. More than contact itself, it is the type of interaction of a relevant variable at the level of stigma that questions the traditional hypothesis of contact. Further research is required on the characteristics of the tool and the aspects of the contact associated to a lower level of stigma in the population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Schizophrenia , Cluster Analysis , Social Stigma , Attitude , Knowledge , Diagnosis , Mental Disorders
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